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雅思考試寫作最易出錯(cuò)的5組詞

時(shí)間:2022-06-25 12:02:41 考試 我要投稿
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雅思考試寫作最易出錯(cuò)的5組詞

  雅思小作文因?yàn)楸容^模式化,相對(duì)來說用錯(cuò)詞的情況也少一些。提醒考生們?cè)诔R婂e(cuò)誤方面應(yīng)注意:在談及價(jià)位時(shí)我們應(yīng)該用高低而非大小貴賤來表達(dá),即high/low price 而非big/small price 或者expensive/cheap price; great value而不是big value; their living condition is poor而非bad等等。其實(shí),小作文中比較集中的錯(cuò)誤在比較與對(duì)比搞不清楚,所以出現(xiàn) compare與 contrast 的使用錯(cuò)誤,這里我們?cè)敿?xì)說一下。

雅思考試寫作最易出錯(cuò)的5組詞

  一、compare與contrast的誤用

  我們先從兩者的定義入手來看兩者的區(qū)別。Compare的定義為:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定義為:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定義不難看出前者側(cè)重于找到兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物的異同,而后者則側(cè)重于它們的不同。

  看個(gè)例句:

  It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours.

  前一句翻譯為:對(duì)比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會(huì)很有趣。

  后一句的翻譯為:我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同,這很有趣。

  二、介詞使用錯(cuò)誤

  1、普通介詞的誤用

  一般表現(xiàn)為固定搭配錯(cuò)誤,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; besatisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,雖然這樣的錯(cuò)誤看似無傷大雅,但在考官眼里就是影響順暢閱讀的,當(dāng)然會(huì)影響最終成績(jī)。解決的辦法簡(jiǎn)單而古老:把常見的固定搭配牢記于心,問題自然就解決了。

  2、“to”作為介詞的誤用

  “to”最常見的用法是以動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)的形式出現(xiàn)的,所以同學(xué)們也已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了 “to do”的固定搭配。對(duì)于一些如walk to me, to the left等介詞to表方向等常見用法一般也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。但是對(duì)于與動(dòng)詞搭配的介詞to就會(huì)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò):

  如:More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them.

  這里的 ‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’ 其中 ‘to’為介詞,所以后面只能接名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞,如動(dòng)名詞。所以黑體處應(yīng)改為“depending on”。

  三、assume及claim使用不夠準(zhǔn)確

  我們知道, think, assume, claim是議論文中常用引出觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞。在實(shí)際作文中,同學(xué)們往往認(rèn)為幾個(gè)詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過來就用。甚至還有同學(xué)把consider也拿過來與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來看這幾個(gè)詞的不同:

  Think: to have opinion or belief about sth.

  翻譯為“認(rèn)為”,通常接賓語從句來表達(dá)比較確定的觀點(diǎn)。

  Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it.

  翻譯為“假設(shè)、假定”,是否有事實(shí)依據(jù)是不確定的。

  Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it.

  翻譯為“聲稱”,用這個(gè)詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其后的觀點(diǎn),所以很少用作I claim that…

  Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, ….

  所以 ‘It is claimed that’ 通常翻譯為“有報(bào)道稱......”和‘it is reported that ’的區(qū)別在于后者翻譯為“據(jù)報(bào)道”,往往代表著作者贊同報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。

  Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision.

  翻譯為“考慮”,一般不用作引出觀點(diǎn),看個(gè)例子:

  We are considering buying a new car.

  四、表“建議”的詞匯后面忘記用虛擬從句

  來看一個(gè)病句:

  I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school.

  所以,一定要牢記以下常見表“建議”的詞匯,而且要記住這些詞接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語氣:因?yàn)椤畇uggest’翻譯為“建議”,所以后面的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣。

  五、such as與for example的混用

  我們知道,在表示舉例子的時(shí)候,such as 與like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

  但是同學(xué)們對(duì)于Such as、for example的把握還是不夠準(zhǔn)確。我們都知道,后者接句子前者接詞語表示舉例子。于是就有了下面的寫法:

  There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian.

  這里的such as改為 for example為好,因?yàn)椤癷n French and Italian”其實(shí)是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的簡(jiǎn)化,所以要用 for example來引出例證。再來看幾個(gè)類似的例子:

  It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics.

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