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初中英語（家教資料）
日常交際用語簡表
(DailyExpressionsinCommunication)
1.問候Greetings
a.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.
Hello/Hi.
Howareyou?
b.Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
Verywell,thankyou.
2.介紹Introductions
a.ThisisMr/Miss/Mrs....
b.Howdoyoudo?
Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.
c.Mynameis...I’mastudent/workeretc.(here).
3.告別Farewells
a.Ithinkit’stimeforustoleavenow.
b.Goodbye!(Bye-bye!Bye!)
Seeyoulater/tomorrow.(Seeyou.)
Goodnight.
4.打電話Makingtelephonecalls
a.Hello!MayIspeakto...?
b.Holdon,please.
He/Sheisn’thererightnow.
CanItakeamessageforyou?
c.I’mcallingtotell/askyou....
d.Goodbye.
5.感謝和應(yīng)答Thanksandresponses
a.Thankyou(verymuch).
Thanksalot.
Manythanks.
Thanksfor....
b.Notatall.
That’sallright.
You’rewelcome.
6.祝愿、祝賀和應(yīng)答Wishes,congratulationsandresponses
a.Goodluck!
Bestwishestoyou.
Haveanice/goodtime.
Congratulations!
b.Thankyou.
c.HappyNewYear!
MerryChristmas!
Happybirthdaytoyou.
d.Thesametoyou.
7.意愿Intentions
I’mgoingto....
Iwill....
I’dliketo....
Iwant/hopeto....
8.道歉和應(yīng)答Apologiesandresponses
a.I’msorry.(Sorry.)
I’msorryfor/about....
Excuseme.
b.That’sallright.
Itdoesn’tmatter.
That’snothing.
9.遺憾和同情Regretsandsympathy
Whatapity!
Imsorrytohear....
10.邀請和應(yīng)答Invitationsandresponses
a.Willyoucometo...?
Wouldyouliketo...?
b.Yes,I’dloveto....
Yes,it’sverykind/niceofyou.
c.I’dloveto,but....
11.提供(幫助等)和應(yīng)答Offersandresponses
a.CanIhelpyou?
WhatcanIdoforyou?
Here,takethis/my....
Letme...foryou.
Wouldyoulikesome...?
b.Thanks.Thatwouldbenice/fine.
Thankyouforyourhelp.
Yes,please.
c.No,thanks/thankyou.
That’sverykindofyou,but....
12.請求允許和應(yīng)答Askingforpermissionandresponses
a.MayI...?
Can/CouldI...?
b.Yes/Certainly.
Yes,doplease.
Ofcourse(youmay).
That’sOK/allright.
c.I’msorry,but....
You’dbetternot.
13.表示同意和不同意Expressingagreementanddisagreement
a.Certainly/Sure/Ofcourse.
Yes,please.
Yes,Ithinkso.
That’strue.
Allright/OK.
That’sagoodidea.
Iagree(withyou).
b.No,Idon’tthinkso.
I’mafraidnot.
Ireallycan’tagreewithyou.
14.表示肯定和不肯定Expressingcertaintyanduncertainty
a.I’msure.
I’msure(that)....
b.I’mnotsure.
I’mnotsurewhether/if....
c.Maybe/Perhaps.
24.喜好和厭惡Likesanddislikes
a.Ilike/love...(verymuch).
Ilike/loveto....
b.Idon’tlike(to)....
Ihate(to)....
16.談?wù)撎鞖釺alkingabouttheweather
a.What’stheweatherliketoday?
How’stheweatherin...?
b.It’sfine/cloudy/windy/rainy,etc.
It’sratherwarm/cold/hot/etc.today,isn’tit?
17.購物Shopping
a.WhatcanIdoforyou?
May/CanIhelpyou?
b.Iwant/I’dlike....
Howmuchisit?
That’stoomuch/expensive,I’mafraid.
That’sfine.I’lltakeit.
Letmehave...kilo/box,etc.
c.Howmany/muchdoyouwant?
Whatcolour/size/kind/doyouwant?
d.Doyouhaveanyotherkind/size/colour,ect.?
18.問路和應(yīng)答Askingthewayandresponses
a.Excuseme.Where’sthemen’s/ladies’room?
Excuseme,canyoutellmethewayto...?
HowcanIgetto...?Idon’tknowtheway.
b.Godownthisstreet.
Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.
It’sabout...metresfromhere.
19.問時間或日期和應(yīng)答Askingthetimeordateandresponses
a.Whatdayis(it)today?
What’sthedatetoday?
Whattimeisit?
What’sthetime,please?
b.It’sMonday/Tuesday,etc.
It’sJanuary10th.
It’sfiveo’clock/halfpastfive/aquartertofive/fivethirty,etc.
It’stimefor....
20.請求Requests
a.Can/Couldyou...forme?
Will/Wouldyouplease...?
MayIhave...?
b.Pleasegive/passme....
Pleasewait(here/amoment).
Pleasewait(for)yourturn.
Pleasestandinline/lineup.
Pleasehurry.
21.勸告和建議Adviceandsuggestions
a.You’dbetter....
Youshould....
Youneed(to)....
b.Shallwe...?
Let’s....
What/Howabout...?
22.禁止和警告Prohibitionandwarnings
a.Youcan’t/mustn’t....
Ifyou...,you’ll....
b.Takecare!
Becareful!
23.表示感情Expressingcertainemotions
a.喜悅Pleasure,joy
I’mglad/pleased/happyto....
That’snice.
That’swonderful/great.
b.焦慮Anxiety
What’swrong?
What’sthematter(withyou)?
I’m/He’s/She’sworried.Oh,whatshallI/wedo?
c.驚奇Surprise
Really?
Oh,dear!
Isthatso?
15.就餐Takingmeals
a.Whatwouldyouliketohave?
Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?
b.I’dlike....
Wouldyoulikesomemore...?
Helpyourselftosome....
c.Thankyou.I’vehadenough./Justalittle,please.
25.約會Makingappointments
a.Areyoufreethisafternoon/evening?
Howabouttomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening?
Shallwemeetat4:30at...?
b.Yes,that’sallright.
Yes,I’llbefreethen.
c.No,Iwon’tbefreethen.ButI’llbefree....
d.Allright.Seeyouthen.
26.傳遞信息Passingonamessage
a.Willyoupleasegivethisnote/messageto...?
b....askedmetogiveyouthisnote.
c.Thanksforthemessage.
27.看病Seeingthedoctor
a.There’ssomethingwrongwith....
I’vegotacough.
Ifeelterrible(bad).
Idon’tfeelwell.
I’vegotapainhere.
Thisplacehurts.
b.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.
It’snothingserious.
You’llbeallright/wellsoon.
28.求助Callingforhelp
a.Help!
b.What’sthematter?
29.處理交際中的障礙Languagedifficulties
Pardon.
Pleasesaythatagain/moreslowly.
Whatdoyoumeanby...?
I’msorryIcan’tfollowyou.
I’msorryIknowonlyalittleEnglish.
30.常見的標(biāo)志和說明Somecommonsignsandinstructions
BUSINESSHOURSFRAGILE
OFFICEHOURSTHISSIDEUP
OPENMENU
CLOSEDNOSMOKING
PULLNOPARKING
PUSHNOPHOTOS
ONDANGER!
OFFPLAY
ENTRANCESTOP
EXITPAUSE
INSTRUCTIONS
初中英語構(gòu)詞法基本知識講解
1，合成法
合成法至今保持著旺盛的生命力，在現(xiàn)代英語中不少新詞都是借助原有的詞合成的。
1)名詞+名詞→名詞
basket(籃子)+ball(球) →basketball籃球
book (書) +shop(商店 ) → bookshop書店
house(房子) +work(勞動) → housework家務(wù)勞動
2)形容詞+名詞→名詞
black(黑色的)+board( 木 板) →blackboard黑板
English(英國的)+man(人) →Englishman英國人
loud(大聲的)+speaker(說話者) →loudspeaker揚聲器
3)介詞+名詞→名詞(或形容詞)
after(在后)+noon(正午) →afternoon下午
under(在下面)+ground(地面) → underground地下的
4)名詞+過去分詞→形容詞
man(人)+made(做) → man-made人造的
5)名詞(形容詞)+名詞+ed→形容詞
glass(玻璃)+topped(頂部的) →glass-topped玻璃罩著的
kind(善良的)+hearted(心) →kind-hearted好心的
6)副詞+名詞→介詞
in(里面)+side(邊) →inside在內(nèi)
down(在下)+stairs(樓梯) →downstairs在樓下
2、派生法
派生法是通過在詞根上加后綴或前綴構(gòu)成新詞。它不僅擴充了英語詞匯，而且豐富了語言的表現(xiàn)力。
后綴(后綴多數(shù)改變詞性而不改變詞義)：
1)動詞或形容詞+er/or →名詞
write v.寫 →writer n.作者
travel v. 旅 行 →traveller n.旅 客
foreign adj.外國的 →foreigner n.外國人
invent v.發(fā)明 →inventor n.發(fā)明家
visit v. 參觀 → vistor n.參觀者
2)動詞 +(t)ion → 名詞
invent v.發(fā)明 →invention n.發(fā)明
operate v.做手術(shù) →operation n.手術(shù)
3)動詞+ing/ed → 名詞或形容詞
build v. 建筑 →building n.建筑物
interest v.使感興
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