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美國(guó)流行文化的四十年黃金定律
你有沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)流行文化總會(huì)刮起一陣陣的“復(fù)古風(fēng)”和“懷舊風(fēng)”？你有沒(méi)有總結(jié)過(guò)這陣風(fēng)具有什么樣的規(guī)律呢？Adam Gopnik發(fā)在《紐約客》的一篇文章就為我們揭開(kāi)了美國(guó)流行文化的“四十年黃金定律”（The Golden Forty-Year Rule）。
The prime site of nostalgia is always whatever happened, or is thought to have happened, in the decade between forty and fifty years past.人們懷舊的主要場(chǎng)景一般都是那些發(fā)生或是我們以為發(fā)生在四五十年之前的情景。
What drives the cycle isn’t, in the first instance, the people watching and listening; it’s the producers who help create and nurture the preferred past and then push their work on the audience.主導(dǎo)這種“懷舊周期”的并不是流行文化的受眾，而是信息的生產(chǎn)者。這些生產(chǎn)者將他們自己所向往的過(guò)去重新創(chuàng)造發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，并把這些成果推向廣大的受眾。
Though pop culture is most often performed by the young, the directors and programmers and gatekeepers—the suits who control and create its conditions, who make the calls and choose the players—are, and always have been, largely forty-somethings.盡管流行文化通常是在年輕人身上體現(xiàn)出來(lái)的，但流行文化的指導(dǎo)者、編排者和把關(guān)者——包括服裝師、場(chǎng)景設(shè)計(jì)師、聯(lián)絡(luò)人和選擇演員的工作人員——基本上都是四十歲左右的人。
Forty years past is the potently fascinating time just as we arrived, when our parents were youthful and in love, the Edenic period preceding the fallen state recorded in our actual memories.四十年前他們剛到這個(gè)世界上，那時(shí)父母?jìng)冞�年輕、還在享受愛(ài)情。比起后來(lái)的記憶中墮落的狀態(tài)，那是一段伊甸園一般的美好時(shí)光。
The forty-year rule is, of course, not immutable, and its cycle carries epicycles within it: the twenty-year cycle, for instance, by which the forty-somethings recall their teen-age years. But it is the forty-years-on reproduction of a thing that most often proves more concentrated and powerful than the original.所謂的“四十年黃金定律”當(dāng)然不是鐵打不變的，例如四十年的大周期中還包含著一個(gè)二十年的小周期，即四十歲左右的人開(kāi)始回憶他們的少年歲月。不過(guò)事實(shí)證明還是四十年之后的復(fù)制更有力量。
And so, if we can hang on, it will be in the twenty-fifties that the manners and meanings of the Obama era will be truly revealed: only then will we know our own essence.因此，如果我們?cè)俚纫坏�，我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的習(xí)慣和含義就會(huì)在2050年被真正的揭示出來(lái)：只有到了那時(shí)我們才能夠了解我們自己的本質(zhì)。
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