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物理專業(yè)英語名詞解釋
part onemechanics力學(xué)
chapter 1 kinematics—uniformly accelerated motion運(yùn)動學(xué)，勻加速運(yùn)動 frame of reference: 參照系
position vector and displacement位置向量和位移 speed
velocity 速度
instantaneous velocity瞬時(shí)速度 velocity components速度分量 acceleration 加速度
graphical interpretation圖像釋義
uniformly accelerated motion along a straight line 勻加速直線運(yùn)動 acceleration due to gravity (g) 重力加速度 projectile problems落體問題 relative motion相對運(yùn)動
chapter 2 dynamics-- newton's laws of motion動力學(xué) - 牛頓運(yùn)動定律
general properties of forces in mechanics:力的基本性質(zhì) 1 the law of universal gravitation萬有引力定律 2the weight 重量
3 the tensile force 拉力 4 the normal force 法向力 5 the friction force 摩擦力 6 dimensional analysis三維分析
chapter 3 equilibrium平衡
concurrent forces共點(diǎn)力are forces whose lines of action all pass through a common point. the forces acting on a point object are concurrent because they all pass through the same point, the point object.
equilibrium 平衡 rigid body剛體
the torque (or moment) 轉(zhuǎn)矩或力矩
the two conditions for equilibrium 平衡的兩個(gè)條件 the center of gravity 重心 axis軸
chapter 4 work and energy功和能
kinetic energy (ke) 動能 conservative force保守力
�、� gravitational (weight) potential energy (peg) 重力（重量）勢能 ⑵ elastic potential energy 彈性勢能 the efficiency 效率
chapter 5 impulse and momentum
the linear momentum 沖量與動量 an impulse 沖量
collisions and explosions碰撞和爆炸
a perfectly elastic collision 完全彈性碰撞
coefficient of restitution恢復(fù)系數(shù) the center of mass重心
chapter 6 rotation轉(zhuǎn)動
the angular speed 角速度
the angular acceleration 角加速度 tangential 【數(shù)】切線;正切 centripetal acceleration ( )加速度 the centripetal force 向心力
chapter 7 rigid-body rotation剛體轉(zhuǎn)動
the moment of inertia 轉(zhuǎn)動慣量 parallel-axis theorem平行軸定理
chapter 8 elasticity彈性
elasticity彈性;彈力
the stress 【物】應(yīng)力[u][c] strain 應(yīng)變
the elastic limit彈性極限
the shear modulus切變模量
standard atmospheric pressure標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣壓 the hydrostatic pressure靜水壓力 equation of continuity連續(xù)性方程 the viscosity粘度 spring彈簧
a restoring force 恢復(fù)力
simple harmonic motion 簡諧運(yùn)動 vibratory motion 振動運(yùn)動
the period ( ) 【數(shù)】循環(huán)節(jié);周期 the frequency ( ) 頻率
the elastic potential energy 彈性勢能 the simple pendulum單擺
chapter 11 wave motion波動
a propagating wave 波傳播 wave terminology波術(shù)語 in-phase vibrations同相振動 standing waves駐波
conditions for resonance共振的條件
longitudinal (compressional) waves 縱向（擠壓）波 chapter 12 sound聲音 the intensey （i） 強(qiáng)度 loudness 響度 beats節(jié)拍
doppler effect 多普勒效應(yīng) interference effects 干擾效應(yīng)
part twothermodynamics熱力學(xué)
chapter 1 the kinetic theory of gases第1章氣體動力學(xué)理論
avogadro's number ( ) 阿伏伽德羅數(shù)（） the root mean square speed根均方速度 the absolute temperature絕對溫度
the mean free path (m.f.p.) 平均自由程（m.f.p.） the equipartition theorem of energy 能量均分定理 ideal gas law理想氣體定律 heat 熱
the internal energy 內(nèi)部能量
an isobaric process is a process carried out at constant pressure. 等壓過程是恒壓進(jìn)行的過程。 an isovolumic process is a process carried out at constant volume等容過程是在定容進(jìn)行了過程 an isothermal process is a constant-temperature process. 等溫過程，是一個(gè)恒溫的過程。 an adiabatec process is one in which no heat is transferred to or from the system. 絕熱過程是一個(gè)在無熱量或從系統(tǒng)中轉(zhuǎn)移到。 specific heats of gases比熱氣體 specific heat ratio ( )比熱比（） entropy熵disorder無序
the most probable state 最概然狀態(tài)
part threeelectromagnetism電磁
electric charge電荷
electrostatic field靜電場
superposition principle疊加原理 equipotential surface等勢面 potential gradiant電勢梯度 dielectrics電介質(zhì)
electrostatic induction靜電感應(yīng) capacitance電容
parallel-plate capacitor平行板電容器 polarization極化 resistance電阻
ammeter and voltmeter電流表和電壓表 resistivity電阻率
magnetic phenomena磁現(xiàn)象 the magnetic moment磁矩
torque on a flat coil平面線圈上的扭矩 magnetic permeability磁導(dǎo)率
electromagnetic induction電磁感應(yīng) inductance 電感 self-inductance 自感 mutual inductance互感 inductor電感器
electric generators 發(fā)電機(jī)
electric motors電機(jī)
alternating current交流電
the impedance ( ) . 阻抗（z）。 resonance共振
a transformer 變壓器
part fouroptics光學(xué)
geometrical optics幾何光學(xué)
electromagnetic radiation電磁輻射 plane mirrors平面鏡 spherecal mirrors 球面鏡 mirror equation鏡公式 refraction折射
index of refraction ( )折射率（n） critical angle臨界角 a prisim 棱鏡 thin lense薄透鏡
magnifying glass放大鏡 a microscope顯微鏡 a telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡 interference 干涉 diffraction衍射
coherent waves 相干波
single-slit diffraction單縫衍射 limit of resolution 極限分辨率 diffraction grate衍射光柵 optical path length光程
par t5 -----chapter 3 the structure of atoms原子結(jié)構(gòu)
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